Title : Innovative three-layer particleboards: Non-toxic bio-adhesives and nanoparticle reinforcement for sustainable building materials
Abstract:
Three-layer particleboards are essential components in the building industry, used in furniture, cabinetry, and flooring. However, stakeholder demand and prices for wood-based materials are increasing rapidly, while climate change is affecting our planet. This review takes a critical look at the progress made in making new three-layer particleboards that are safer for your health than traditional formaldehyde-based glues and better at their mechanical and physical functions. The study focuses on particleboards fabricated using non-toxic, bio-based adhesives derived from renewable sources such as soy protein, lignin, tannin, and starch. These eco-friendly alternatives to urea-formaldehyde resins not only mitigate health concerns but also promote sustainability in the building industry. Furthermore, researchers are exploring the incorporation of nanoparticles such as cellulose nanofibers, nanoclay, and graphene oxide as reinforcing agents to enhance the particleboards' strength, stiffness, and dimensional stability. International standards such as ANSI A208.1, EN 312, JIS, and ABNT NBR 14810 evaluate the performance of these innovative three-layer particleboards, classifying them into different grades based on their physical (water absoption and thickness swelling) and mechanical properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity) and end-use applications. The findings demonstrate that particleboards fabricated with non-toxic bio-adhesives and nanoparticle reinforcement exhibit superior properties compared to conventional formaldehyde-bonded boards, making them suitable for various applications ranging from lightweight interior furniture to high-density structural panels. This review highlights the potential of these sustainable and high-performance particleboards to revolutionize the building industry while addressing environmental and health concerns, ultimately contributing to the development of safer and more eco-friendly building materials. This review highlights the potential of these sustainable and high-performance particleboards to revolutionize the building industry while addressing environmental and health concerns, ultimately contributing to the development of safer and more eco-friendly building materials.
Keywords: Three-layer particleboard, Bio-based adhesives, Nanoparticle reinforcement, Mechanical properties, Physical properties
