Genetic material is the biological material that carries the genetic information of a living organism. It is made up of two types of molecules: DNA and RNA. DNA is the main genetic material of most living organisms, while RNA plays a major role in gene expression and protein synthesis. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleic acid arranged in a double helix. Each strand is composed of four different nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases are connected to a sugar-phosphate backbone. The sequence of bases along the strand determines the genetic code of the organism. RNA is composed of nucleic acid strands that are similar to DNA, but contain the base uracil (U) in place of thymine. The primary role of RNA is to carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. In eukaryotes, genetic material is located in the cell nucleus, while in prokaryotes, it is located in the cytoplasm. The genetic material of viruses may be located in the core of the virus particle, or in the host cell's nucleus. Genetic material is constantly changing, due to mutations and other alterations. These changes can lead to the evolution of new species.
Thomas J Webster
Hebei University of Technology, United States
Hossein Hosseinkhani
Innovation Center for Advanced Technology, Matrix, Inc., United States
Hai Feng Ji
Drexel University, United States
Paulo Cesar De Morais
Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
Azzedine Bensalem
Long Island University, United States
Robert Buenker
Wuppertal University, Germany
Rafal Kozubski
Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland
Sylwia Wcislik
Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Raman Singh
Monash University-Clayton Campus, Australia
Michael I Tribelsky
Moscow State University, Russian FederationSubmit your abstract Today
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