Nucleic Acids

COVID-19 is a highly contagious virus that has spread rapidly around the world since its first detection in late 2019. Early detection of the virus is key to preventing the spread of infection and reducing the associated morbidity and mortality. Currently, the most common method for detecting COVID-19 is through a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. This test involves collecting a sample from the patient’s nose or throat using a swab and then running the sample in a lab to detect any evidence of the virus. This test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing COVID-19. In addition to RT-PCR testing, there are other methods used to detect COVID-19. These include antigen tests, which detect specific proteins on the surface of the virus, and antibody tests, which detect antibodies produced by the immune system in response to the virus. Both of these tests are considered less accurate than RT-PCR testing but can provide results more quickly. Rapid point-of-care tests are also available. These tests are designed to be used in settings such as doctor’s offices or urgent care clinics, and can provide results in as little as 15 minutes. These tests are typically less accurate than RT-PCR tests and are not recommended for use in place of RT-PCR testing. Finally, there are newer methods of detecting COVID-19 under , such as breath tests and saliva tests.